An eight-month-old child in Bengaluru has tested positive for the Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), a respiratory virus, amidst a surge in cases reported in China. The child is currently receiving treatment at a private hospital in the city.
According to the Karnataka Health Department, the child does not have any travel history. Medical tests confirmed the presence of the virus, and the case has been reported to the Union Health Ministry for further action.
It remains unclear whether the strain identified in the child is the same as the one causing a spike in infections in China.
On January 3, the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) stated it is closely monitoring respiratory and seasonal influenza cases across India. The agency is also in communication with international organisations following reports of the HMPV outbreak in China.
“We will continue to monitor the situation closely and validate information and developments accordingly,” a senior official told a section of media.
Director General of Health Services (DGHS) Dr Atul Goel described the Human Metapneumovirus as a respiratory virus similar to those causing the common cold. He noted that it could lead to flu-like symptoms, particularly in young children and the elderly.
Dr Goel advised the public to follow general precautions to prevent respiratory infections. “If someone has a cough and cold, they should avoid coming into contact with others to prevent the spread of the infection,” he said.
Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV):
Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a common respiratory virus that causes both upper and lower respiratory infections, often resembling a cold. It typically manifests as a seasonal illness, predominantly occurring in the winter and early spring, much like Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and influenza.
Discovery and Historical Prevalence
HMPV is not a newly identified virus. First discovered in 2001, the virus is part of the Pneumoviridae family, which also includes RSV. However, serological evidence suggests that HMPV has been circulating widely since at least 1958, according to experts.
Similarities Between HMPV and COVID-19
HMPV shares several similarities with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19. Both viruses lead to respiratory diseases affecting individuals across all age groups, with young children, older adults, and those with compromised immune systems being most at risk.
The symptoms of HMPV and COVID-19 often overlap, including cough, fever, nasal congestion, and shortness of breath. Additionally, like COVID-19, HMPV displays seasonal patterns. According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), HMPV infections peak annually in the late winter to early spring, though the virus can circulate year-round.
Prevention Measures
There is currently no vaccine or antiviral treatment available for HMPV. To reduce the spread of the virus and protect against respiratory infections, individuals are advised to:
- Wash hands: Use soap and water for at least 20 seconds frequently.
- Avoid touching the face: Keep unwashed hands away from the eyes, nose, and mouth.
- Maintain distance: Avoid close contact with individuals who are unwell.
- Practice respiratory etiquette: Cover the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.
- Avoid sharing personal items: Do not share cups or eating utensils.
By adopting these measures, individuals can help mitigate the risk of HMPV and other respiratory illnesses during seasonal peaks.
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